Diseases of Tulips

None of the preventive measures does not guarantee against infection of tulips in one way or another disease, but yield losses from them are considerably reduced.

This disease manifests itself during the prolonged rainy, cool weather. Most suffer tulips planted in heavy soils. Affect all aerial parts of plants and some bulbs: formed slightly depressed, yellowish-gray spots with watery edges of various shapes and sizes to increase as rains continue. Gradually the spots covered with gray bloom, and the fabric is softened. After the cessation of the rainy spots dry up and become ash-gray, as if burned. It is often bend the affected parts of the plant. The buds are not disclosed, and if opened, the flowers are obtained deformed. Affected rot bulbs are on the outer scales slightly depressed brown spots with raised edges. Fabrics bulbs with darker, softer, often cracking Donets. Affected bulbs during storage rot. Gray mold affects virtually all varieties, but nevertheless some of them less susceptible to disease than others.

As a precaution exposure rot bulbs before laying the deposit of their recommended opudrit mixture of TMTD, sulfur and efirsulfonata in the proportion of 2:1:1 at the rate of 8-10 g per 1 kg of seed. You can also pickle onions before boarding 0,3-0,5% solution of TMTD in 30 minutes. Such treatment not only failed to slow the growth of tulips, and, conversely, improve flowering and productivity. However, staining does not protect tulip bulbs from the defeat of the disease for a long time.

Growers should be aware that higher doses of potassium and magnesium that are made in the ground, reduce the risk of disease and a positive impact on the yield and quality of bulbs. In addition, we must not forget that the reuse of land under the tulips, as well as after any bulbous plant increases the risk of disease by 10 times in comparison with new sites.

The disease is known for a long time, almost since the first years of the appearance of tulips in Europe. Originally were not known motives, the appearance of variegated color, even hailed as a sign of the new variety, and then found out that this is a viral infection. Infected plants less viable, which affects the flowers themselves: the disease destroys the basic features of the class, making gaudy flowers. The disease causes mosaic virus, which infects only Liliaceae plants. Infected with pink, red, violet, purple tulips become variegated coloring in the form of strokes and stripes. In dark red and purple varieties increased the original painting in the form of large or small dark bars, which somewhat complicates the identification of the disease. The same is true of yellow and white flowers, they have other symptoms - the restriction of petals, especially in the lower part, reducing the overall size. It should be remembered that, infected by the mosaic virus, a plant to transmit it to succeeding generations. Vector control are the different types of aphids, as well as in large numbers, they appear in the second half of May, respectively, then the most frequently affected plants mid-and late timing of flowering. Recently, this disease is, unfortunately, is found and the early grades.

Most susceptible to the following classes:

• Triumph tulips: Alburi, Arabian Miss-Teri, Bandung, hood, Henry Dunant, In-venshn, Cassini, Lucky Strike, Madame Spoor, Miroran, Olaf, Paul Richter, Prince Charles, Poussin, Robinea, Rolend, Topskore, Fridtjof Nansen , Elmus;
• simple later: Anton Mouv, Aristocrat, Afterglou, Velvet King, Gladstone, Grenada, Don Eugo, Kingzblad, Quinn office Bartigons,
• Mr van Zeila, Moust Miles, Mentels Fey-vorit, Orange Bouquet, Orange King, Palestrina, Prunus, Roar. G. Yubank, Red ALTO, Scarlett Wonder, Temple office Beauty, Utopia, Halkro, Abe Lenstra, Eunice;
• zelenotsvetpye: Artist;
• fimbriate: Burgundy Leis, Sand, fringed Beauty, fringed lilac; © tulips Kaufman: Henrietta;
• simple early: Emperor, Fred Moore; © terry earlier: Carlton, Electra; © Liliales: Queen Sheba office, Kepteyn Fry-ETT, Lynette, Marietta, White Triumphant, Tea-for Pink;
• Greig's tulips: Cape Cod, Mary Ann, Toronto;
• terry later: Mei Wonder, Eros;
• tulips Foster: Red Bowl, Schonberg;
• parrot: Red Parrot, Erna Lindgrin;
• Darwin hybrids: Tender Beauty.

Perezarazhenie plants possible during the digging up by hand and equipment, during the growing season as a result of mechanical damage. Therefore, the presence of infected plants should be thoroughly disinfected knives and secateurs margantsovokislym potassium, sodium carbonate solution or alcohol.

Near impossible to plant tulips, lilies, as they may be carriers of the disease and while they will not have symptoms.

The only way to fight, unfortunately, is the culling and the complete destruction of diseased plants.

This disease manifests itself in different ways. In some cases, affects the growing point and the neck of the bulb; appears white felted plaque eventually acquires a brown color. Sometimes the growing point appears sunken brown rot, gradually increasing in size and captures all the flesh. One of the manifestations of the disease is the dying roots and stems rot. The initial signs of illness may be behind the plants in the growth and underdevelopment buds. The development of the disease contribute to low temperatures.

Infection occurs only through infected soil. Therefore, to prevent one month prior to the land planting bulbs treated 2,5-3% solution karbationa rate of 10 liters per 1 square meter. For pickling bulbs use mercury-containing drugs: granozan, tserezan etc.

This disease manifests itself by the end of the growing season, causing considerable damage to tulips. Contribute to it a significant increase in air temperature. Tulips in bloom this bad, affecting their size and height of stems, roots develop poorly, and the plants gradually die off. Affected Fusar-lows bulb rot: first on the Donets appear light-brown spots, limited to the edges of the red-brown line, then spots grow, change color to yellow-brown, penetrate under the scales, and in the end bulb rots, highlighting the sharp specific smell . Pathogen Fusarium persists for a long time at high temperatures and high humidity.

Not all varieties of tulips are equally prone to Fusarium, but resistance to it has not withdrawn. For prevention to be a year to change the landing sites of tulips, returning them to their original location no earlier than 5-6 years, and reject and destroy the damaged bulbs. Highly effective against Fusarium drug fundazol. Bulbs pickled them for 2 - 3 weeks before planting by soaking in 0,2-0,25% suspension of the drug in half an hour.

The disease occurs during the growing season when high humidity and appears yellow-brown spots with abundant greenish-blue coating on the bulbs. Often accompanied by botrytis. To prevent disease bulbs should create optimal conditions of storage, and the plants themselves - appropriately the conditions for growth and vegetation.